Likely , Unlikely and Socializing Language

Probability form

 Probability represents by likely or unlikely.

1) She is unlikely to win(low possibility to win).
2) It is highly unlikely to improve weather(low possibility to improve weather).
3) He is unlikely to get it.

Real probability forms

The real probability represents by bound/sure/certain to words.

1) They are bound to accept it.
2) We sure to arrive on the time.
3) It is certain to work.
                                                                     

Socializing language

a) you disturb by somebody and the person apologize to you

1) Never mind.
2) Do not worry.

b) express disappointment when something happens

1) What a pity.
2) What a shame.

c) express the happier feeling

1) It is not going to rain tomorrow just is well(I am happy about that).

d) apologize about something

1) Sorry about that.

e) express surprise

1) Well, fancy that.

f) Do not believe something

1) You must be joking.

g) Be careful

1) Mind how you go.
2) Take care.                           

Likes Dislikes and Regret

Like and Dislikes

use to talk about how much you like or dislike something.

Like

a) To be keen on + ing

1) I am keen on skiing.
    Keen on means like it or enthusiastic about it

b) to be fond of + ing
1) I am fond of learning English.
    Found of means like it or enthusiastic about it

c) to really love + ing
1) I really love doing something.

Dislike

a) not to be so fond of + ing

1) I am not so fond of going to the cinema alone.

b) can not stand +ing

1) I can not stand getting up early in the morning.

c) can not bear + ing

1) I can not bear driving every day.

d) To dislike + ing

e) No to go in for + ing

1) I do not go in for watching cinema.

Nothing special

a) not to mind + ing

1) I do not mind doing something.

b) It is all right

c) It is ok

Regret

When you do something and you wish you had not done.

situation 1: it is raining hard

a) should have + past participle

1) I should have brought my umbrella with me.

b) wish + past perfect

1) I wish I had brought my umbrella with me.

c) If only + past perfect

1) If only I had brought my umbrella with me.

situation 2: my car broke down again

a) should have + past participle

1) I should have taken it to the mechanic earlier for the check up.

b) wish + past perfect

1) I wish I had taken it to the mechanic earlier for the check up.

c) If only + past perfect

1) If only I had taken it to the mechanic earlier for the check up.

situation 3: I have got a treble headache

a) should have + past participle

1) I should have not drunk so much red wine last night.

b) wish + past perfect

1) I wish I had not drunk so much red wine last night.

c) If only + past perfect

1) If only I had not drunk so much red wine last night.

situation 4: I miss the plain

a) should have + past participle

1) I should have put the alarm clock on.

b) wish + past perfect

1) I wish I had put the alarm clock on.

c) If only + past perfect

1) If only I had put the alarm clock on.

situation 5: I forget my Pin no

a) should have + past participle

1) I should have memorized it.

b) wish + past perfect

1) I wish I had memorized it.

c) If only + past perfect

1) If only I had memorized it.

Exchanging opinion and verb Used to

Exchanging opinions

a) asking for opinions

1) What do you think about that?
2) What is your opinion?
3) What do you feel about that?
4) What is your thought about that?
5) What is your view about that?

b) giving opinions

1) I think/feel ??.
2) In my opinion, we should??.
3) My view Is that we should??
4) As I see it??..

c) asking for agreement

1) Do you agree with me?
2) Do you go along with me?

d) agreeing totally

1) I totally agree with you.
2) I completely agree with you.
3) I go along with that.
4) That is right.
5) Exactly/absolutely.

e) agreeing partially

1) I agree with you up to a point.

f) Disagreeing

1) I can not agree with you.
2) I am afraid.
3) Oh, come on.

verb Used to

a) Get used to + ing form

get used to describe a process which adopted or taking new habit.

1) I am getting used to speaking English every day.
2) I still have not got used to driving on the right.
3) Do not worry you will get used to it.
4) I had to get used to it.
5) How long did it take to get used to it?

b) Be used to + ing form

Be used to describe a state or adopted the habit.
1) I am used to getting up early in the morning.
2) He in not used to working alone.
3) I was not used to driving on the right.

Making arrangement

Making Arrangement

a) Suggesting or appointment

1) What are you up to on Friday.
    To be up to means to be doing
2) How about/what about going to the cinema?
3) Could you manage a meeting on Friday?
    Manage means organize
4) you think we could meet up?
    To meet up means to meet
5) I wonder if we could go to the show together.
    To wonder means to think it over

b) consulting you diary

1) I will have a look in my diary.
2) Let me look in my diary.
   Diary means organizer or day planner

c) Taking about the time

1) Are you free at eight o clock?
2) Could you manage Tuesday?
3) Would Friday at five suits you.
    To suit means to be convenient
4) Could you make it on Monday?
5) When would you be available?

d) Rejection a suggestion

1) I am sorry.
2) I am booked up on Friday.
    To booked up means to have a full agenda
3) I am afraid.
4) I am busy on Friday.
5) Unfortunately, I can not make it.

e) Accepting a suggestion

1) I would love to.
2) That would be great.
3) That would be fine.

f) Confirming  a suggestion

1) Fine so that is Friday at 7 o'clock in your office.
2) Good, I will see you later then.
3) I look forward to seeing you on Friday.
4) Ok, I will be there.

Passive voice and Socializing phrases

Passive voice

To be (present   past  or future) + past participle
Passive voice is used when something is done to another object.

Tense                             past participle           sub                                   Singular or plural  
               
Simple Present              book or books             is or are                                     written
Present perfect              book or books             has been or have been               written
Simple past                   book or books             was or were                                written
Past perfect                   book or books             had been                                     written
Future                           book or books             will be                                         written
Future perfect               book or books             will have been                             written
Present progressive      book or books             is being or are being                     written
Past progressive           book or books             was being or were being               written

Socializing phrases

a) Receive good news

1) Congratulation.
2) I am very happy for you.

b) Receive bad news

1) I am sorry to hear that.
2) I am so sorry.

c) Invite people to be comfortable

1) Do take a seat.
2) Do take yourself at home.
3) Can I get you something to drink?

d) passing something to someone

1) Here you are

e) agreeing and disagreeing

1) I agree with you.
2) I do not agree.
3) Do you agree?
4) Well actually I do not agree with you(disagree).
5) A agree with you up to a point(agree but partially).

f) Leaving

1) We really must be going.
2) We must be on our way.

g) Showing you are sorry

1) What a shame.
2) What a pity.

British english vs American english and adjective order

British English vs American English

There are many British words which are different to American words.

British            American

color                      colour
fulfill                      fulfil
center                    centre
analyze                 analyse
aging                    ageing
dialog                   dialogue
anesthesia             anaesthesia
Football                Soccer
Rounders               Baseball
Bat                         Paddle
Flat                        apartment
Garden                   yard
Town                      downtown
Par park                 parking lot
Motorway              freeway or highway
Junction                intersection
Petrol                    gasoline
Cinema                 movies
Chips                    French fries
Crips                     potato chips
Autumn                 fall

Adjective Order

If have multiple adjectives before the noun so we arrange adjective In the following order.

1                2               3                  4                    5             6             7          8                 9
General    Specific     size          Temperature   shape       age       color     nationalist     Material opinion    opinion  

Adjective                                   Example
Quantity                                     four,ten,a few,several
Value or Opinion                       delicious, charming, beautiful
Size                                           tall, tiny, huge
Temperature                              hot, cold
Age                                           old, young, new, 14-year-old
Shape                                        square, round
Color                                         red, purple, green
Origin                                        Swedish, Victorian, Chinese
Material                                     glass,  silver,  wooden

1) This is a casual big new square brown  Italian cotton bag.
2) The playroom has six small round plastic tables.
3) A nice handsome young man.
4) A big black American car.
5) That horrible big fierce dog.

Desire and Second part of third condition

Second part of the third condition

Unreal or impossible situation

Describe the situation that have happened and that you can not be changed.

If + past perfect + would have + past participle
1) If I had not gone to the party I would have gone to bed early.
2) If had not drunk so much wine I would not have had such a bad headache.
3) If I had remembered to set the alarm I would not have woken up late.
4) If I had got up earlier I would have caught the bus.
5) If I had not been late for work my boss would not have been so annoyed.
6) If I had not gone to that party I would not have lost my contract.

Desire

Desire represent the wishes of the subject.

a) present Desire

Wish + simple past
1) I wish I were thinner.
2) I wish I knew how to work.
3) She wishes she could speak English.

b) past Desire

Wish + past perfect tense
1) I wish I had bought it.
2) She wishes she had not spent so much money last year.
3) He wishes he had come to the party.
4) They wish they had not lost the contract.

Service and Past perfect tense

Causative have

Causative has used to have something done by other person or for services like the hair cut.

a) Present tense

Sub + have + object + past participle
1) Every month I have my hair cut.
2) Every year I have my teeth checked.
3) Every year I have my house painted.
4) Every 3 month I have my car serviced.

b) Past tense

Sub + had + object + past participle
1) Last week I had my eye tested.
2) Yesterday I had my photograph taken.
3) Last week I had my dress dry cleaned.

c) future tense

Sub + will have or go to have + object + past participle
1) Next week I will have my house painted.
2) I am going to have my scooter repaired.
3) Next week I will have my hair colored.
4) Next week I am going to have my passport renewed.

Third condition

The third condition comes when two actions which happened at different times in the past.

Past  perfect  + simple past
Had + past participle + simple past
1) After I had checked my changed I left the shop.
2) When I had read the contract I signed it.
3) After I had taken the bag I ran.
4) When I had tried the shoes on I bought them.
5) After I checked my ticket I went to the airport.
6) After I had read the instruction I turned the machine on.

Phrasal verb and second condition

Phrasal verb

A phrasal verb is a verb plus a preposition or adverb which creates a meaning different from the original verb.

a) two-word phrasal verb

to carry on                   to continue
to find out                   to discovered something
to came across            to find something of meet some by chance
to get over                  to forget about
to took after                to take care of

b) three verb phrasal

to check up on                         to example the conditional of one or something
to get back together                 to become a couple again
to took forward to                    take off a future with pleasure

Second condition

the second condition comes when two Imaginary actions would happen at the different time in past.

If + simple past + would + base form of the verb

a) Imaginary or impossible

1) If I won the lottery I would buy a home.
2) If he did not smoke he would not need to operation.
3) If I were you I would not go there.
4) If you ate less you would lose more weight.

b) exception to be

1) If he were rich and famous he would send an airplane.
2) If I were you I would forget jack.

Farewell and Future

a) contacts

1) I am sorry to see you.
2) I am going to miss you.
3) Hope to see you again soon.
4) Call me time to time.
5) Let's keep in touch.
6) Let me know how you are doing.

b) Goodbye        

1) All the best for you new job.
2) Good luck for your new job.
3) See you soon.
4) Take care.
5) Look after yourself.
6) Safe journey.
7) Goodbye.
8) Bye.
9) Cheers.
10) Chio.

Length of time and spot of time

Use of Present perfect tense

Present perfect tense may use in two conditions one it FLOT and other is SPOT.

a) FLOT

Flot means the length of time which indicate the undefined time.
F           for
L           Length
O          of
T          time
1) I have lived in India for three years.
2) I have been here for two days.
3) I have lived here for 10 years.
4) He has known her for ages.
5) He has lived here for a week.

b) SPOT

Spot means Point of time which indicate particular or fix time.
S           Spot
P           Point
O          of
T          time

1) I have been here since five o'clock.
2) She has worked there since 7th of June.
3) They have been here since 1978.

For and since

For                                    Since

For 2 days                                     Since Friday
For ages                                        Since five o'clock
For week                                       Since 2001
For years                                      Since I was young
For a long time                             Since December

Simple past vs present perfect

a) simple past

simple past tense recognizes using OIL WAY.

O                        on                           I saw him on Friday.
I                         in                            I went there in 1988.
L                        last                         She came last week.
W                      when                      When did you visit them.
A                       ago                         I visited them 2 weeks ago.
Y                      Yesterday               I saw him yesterday.

b) Present Perfect

Present perfect tense recognizes using JEANY.

J                         Just                             I have just seen him.
E                        ever                            have you been to America.
A                       already                       they have already eaten.
N                       never                          He has never learned another language.
y                        yet                              have you met them yet.

First Condition

The first condition come when we have to combine sentences one is simple present tense and other is simple future tense.

Simple present simple future

a) for the real possibility

1) If you work with me, I will teach you all tricks.
2) If you use this pen, you will write fast.
3) If we don't clean it, the tea would not taste good.

b) when you not certain future result

1) If her father offers her a job, she might accept it.
2) If he accepts the job, he might move go to Japan.

Present perfect continuous tense

Present perfect continuous tense use when I started any work in past and I am still continuous it now.

1) I have been teaching for years.
2) I have been doing yoga for many years.

a) Positive form

1) I have been living                       
2) You have been living 
3) He, she, it has been living         
4) We have been living  
5) You have been living 
6) They have been living

b) Negative form

1) I haven not been living
2) You have not been living          
3) He has not been living
4) We have not been living
5) You have not been living          
6) They have not been living        

c) Question form

1) Have I been living?
2) Have you been living?
3) Has she been living?
4) Have we been living?
5) Have you been living?
6) Have they been living?

Present perfect vs present perfect tense
Present perfect tense-JEANY
Present perfect continuous tense for, since, how long

Present perfect tense

Equality negative and positive comparative

a) more than

1) London is more expensive than perish.

b) as

1) London is as expensive as new york.

c) less than

1) Paris is less expensive than London.

Comparative and superlative form

a) comparative form

cold                 colder
good                 better
likable            more likable
dirty                 dirtier
bad                   worse
far                    further
hard                 harder
difficult           more difficult

b) superlative form

taste                  the tastiest
beautiful            the most beautiful
good                  the best
higher                the highest
noisy                 the worst
large                  the largest
bad                    the worst
               

Present perfect tense

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now.

Has or have with past participle

a) Positive form

1) I have paid.
2) You have forgotten.
3) She had left.
4) He has arrived.
5) It is finished.
6) We have won the match.
7) You are understood.
8) They have changed.

b) negative form

1) I have not found it.
2) He has sent it.

c) question form

1) Have you eaten?
2) Has she moved?

When use present perfect tense

We use present perfect by use of word Jeany.

J            Just          I have just seen him.
E          ever                Have you ever been to India.
A          already           I have already seen it.
N         Never             I have Never been to India.
Y          Yet              I have not Eaten yet.

1) I have just come.
2) Have ever been there.
3) He has already seen them.
4) I have never seen them.
5) I have not finished yet.

Some other verb

Can

Can for represent the ability of the subject.

a) can in present.

1) I can cook.
2) Can you cook?
3) I can not cook.

b) can in past

1) I was able to cook yesterday.
2) Were you able to cook?
3) I was not able to cook.

c) can in future

1) Tomorrow I will be able to cook.
2) Will you able to cook?
3) I will not be able to cook tomorrow.

Permission

1) You are not allowed to smoke here.
2) You are not allowed to take photos
3) You are not allowed to speak here.

Probability and possibility

a) Strong Probability almost 100 percent

1) It must be an ashtray.

b) Strong improbability 100 percent

1) It can not a be shoe.

c) uncertain probability 50 percent

1) It might be water box.
2) It could be a computer.

Used to

Used to use for the habit of the subject.

a) positive form

1) I used to smoke.
2) I used to play tennis.
3) I used to wear fur.

b) negative form

1) I did not use to take vitamins.
2) I did not use to listen to opera.

c) negative from

1) I  did not use to do a lot of sports.
2) Did you use to stay in bed until midnight?

Question tag

Question tag use for confirmation from subject.

1) You are married, are not you?
2) You did not go to part, did you?
3) He lives in London, does not he?
4) They are not French, are they?
5) She went to the cinema, did not she?
6) You do not like him, do you?
7) They were enjoying the show, were not they?
8) He is coming tomorrow, is not he?
9) They will be late, will not they?
10) We can not buy it, can we?

Past continuous tense

Different use of Will

1) Predictions
1) Tomorrow it will be cold.
2) It will not be sunny.

Use of Going to

a) future intention

1) I am going to learn French.
2) He is going to make a speech.
3) Be careful you are going to drop those plates.

b) an inevitable result

something you can see is about to happen.

1) I am going to miss my train.
2) The referee going to send him off the football pitch.
3) Be careful you going to lose the match.

Use of like

a) special request

1) What he like to do?

b) general like or  hobbies

1) What does he like?

c) physical appearance

1) What does he look like?

d) general personality or character

1) What is he like?

Past continuous tense

The Past Continuous tense expresses action at a particular moment in the past. The action started before that moment but has not finished at that moment.

1) I was working at 10 pm last night.
2) They were not playing football at 9 am this morning.
3) What were you doing at 10 pm last night?
4) What were you doing when he arrived?
5) She was cooking when I telephoned her.
6) We were having dinner when it started to rain.
7) Ram went home early because it was snowing.

Past continuous for interrupted

The past continuous tense use to express in interrupt action.

a) positive form

1) He was sleeping when the lion attacked.
2) She was working when it happened.
3) He was watching tv when he phoned.
4) They were relaxing when the light went off.

b) negative form

1) I was not concentrating when I dropped it.
2) You were not listening when the teacher explains it.
3) It was not working when I switched it on.

c) question form

1) What were you doing when he phoned?
2) Where were you doing when the news arrived?
3) Who were they talking to when I saw then?

So and Such

a) So with adjective

1) Tibet is so interesting.
2) We were so interested.
3) The instrument is so difficult to play.
4) The monasteries are so huge.
5) It was so cheap.

b) such with adjectives

1) It was such an interesting trip.
2) It was such a different experience.
3) They sang with such deep voices.
4) They were such strange hats.

Auxiliaries verb and Telephone Languages

English Auxiliaries

An auxiliary verb helps the main verb and is also called a helping verb or Helping verbs or auxiliary verbs are used in conjunction with main verbs.

List of auxiliary verbs

This is a list of English auxiliary verbs

be (am, are, is, was, were, being),
can,
could,
do (did, does, doing),
have (had, has, having),
may,
might,
must,
shall,
should,
will,
would

1) I shall go now.
2) He had won the election.
3) They did write that novel together.
4) I am going now.
5) He was winning the election.
6) They have been writing that novel for a long time.

Short Answer with Auxiliaries

1) Does he like write?
   Yes he does  or no he does not
2) Do you play tennis?
   Yes I do  or no I do not
3) Are they coming tomorrow?
    Yes they are or  no they are not
4) Did she go to the cinema yesterday?
    Yes she did or no she did not
5) Is she painting the house?
   Yes she is or no she is not
6) Where you at home on Monday?
    Yes I was  or no I was not
7) Is she in the bathroom?
   Yes she is  or no she is not
8) Do you work in India?
    Yes I do or  no I do not
9) Are you living in India?
   Yes I am  or  no I am not

Telephonic Language

What do you say on the phone in the following situation?

a) Introducing yourself

1) Hello, this is Tom.
2) Hello, Tom speaking.
          

b) Asking who is the other person is

1) Hello is that Mr. Jackson?
2) Hello is that peter speaking?

c) asking to speak to another person

1) Hi, I would like to speak to John, please.
2) May or could or can I speak to the managing director.
3) Good morning could you please put me through to Mr. smith.
4) Could you connect me to Mr. smith?

d) Connecting people

1) Just a moment I will put you through to him.
2) Yes, Mr. smith is here I am trying to connect you now.
3) Hold on.
4) Just a moment, please.

e) leaving the message

1) Could you take a message?
2) Can I leave a message?
3) Could you ask him to call me back?

f) taking a message

1) Can I take a message?
2) Would you like to leave a message?

g) when you don't understand some on the telephone.

1) Can you repeat that please?

h) when you want to write something down when the person is speaking.

1) Just a moment I will make a note of that.

i) when somebody knocks at the door when you are speaking

1) Just a moment I will be right back.

j) when you return to the phone and another person has been waiting for you

  1) Sorry to keep you waiting.

Way to asking permission

a) may

may use for the formal situation.

1) May I ask a question?
2) May I offer you something?
3) May I have this dance?

b) could

use for the neutral situation.

1) Could I use your phone, please?
2) Could you change the appointment?
3) Could we meet later?

3) can

Can use for the informal situation.

1) Can you pass me the salt?
2) Can I have some wine?
3) Can I borrow your pen?

Modal verb

a) can

can use for permission

1)you can eat whatever you want.
2)you can go for walk.

b) can not

can not use for prohibition.

1) you can not do it.
2) you can not go to work.

c) must

must use for order.

1) You must finish the meal.
2) You must stay at home for three days.
3) You must look after yourself.

d) must not

use for string prohibition.

1) You must not drink alcohol.
2) You must not do anything.
3) You must not jump.

Future tense and Question Tag

Will

Will use for snap decision or spontaneous decision.

a) positive

1) I will try it.
2) I will take it.
3) I will pay by credit card.
4) I will put aside for you.
5) I will make a bowl of pasta.
6) I will come back later.

b) negative

1) I will not buy it.
2) I will not pay by cash.

3) Question

1) Shall I make a bowl of pasta?
2) Shall I help you?

Future with going to

Sometimes Going to use for future tense.

a) positive form

1) I am going to have some tea.
2) He is going to sing well.
3) Everything is going to be all right.
4) They are going to take the tube.

b) negative form

1) I am not going to leave tomorrow.
2) He is not going to return soon
3) We are not to come with you.

c) question form

1) How are we going to get there?
2) Where is it going to happen?
3) When are they going to leave?

Question Tag

Question Tag use for taking confirmation from the subject.

a)positive form

1) She is upset, is not she?
2) You are a student, are not you?
3) He is Indian, is not he?
4) It is raining, is not it?
5) They are watching tv, are not they?
6) We are learning, are not we?
7) You live in India, do not you?
8) She like English, does not she?
9) They work at home, are not they?

b) Negative Form

1) You are not Indian, are you?
2) She is not a teacher, is she?
3) He is not watching, tv is he?
4) They are not playing today, are they?
5) You do not play tennis, do you?
6) It does not work, does it?
7) She does not work, does it?
8) They do not come, do they?

comparative and Superlative Form

The Comparative form

a) on one syllable adjectives added to the end of the adjective.

cheap             cheaper      
small              smaller
hot                 hotter
high               higher

1) The new model is lighter than the old model.
2) London so safer than new york.
3) Today is hotter than yesterday.

b) three or more syllable adjectives place more before the adjective.

interesting           more interesting
difficult               more difficult

1) The new model is more practical than old one.
2) London is more expensive than America.
3) This test is more difficult than the last test.

c) two-syllable

happy             happier
funny             funnier
easy               easier
heavy            heavier

1) I am happier than you.
2) This joke was funnier than last one.
3) English is easier than Russian.

d) exception

good          better
bad            worse
far             farther/further

1) Walking is better than running.
2) Today the weather is worse than yesterday.
3) England is further than America.

 The superlative form

a) on one syllable adjectives added to the end of the adjective.

cheap             cheapest      
small              smallest
hot                 hottest
high               highest

1) The new model is lightest then the old model.
2) London so safest then new york.
3) Today is hottest than yesterday.

b) two or three or more syllable adjectives place most before the adjective.

interesting           most interesting
difficult                most difficult

1) The new model is most practical than old one.
2) London is most expensive than America.
3) This test is most difficult than the last test.
3) English is easier than Russian.

c) exception

good          the best
bad            the worst
far             the farthest/furthest

1) Walking is the best then running.
2) Today the weather is the worst than yesterday.
3) England is the furthest then America.

simple past tense

Simple past tense

The simple past is used to talk about a completed action in a time before now.

a) positive

1) I walked (regular)
2) You played (regular)
3) He cooked (regular)
4) She listened (regular)
5) It rained (regular)
6) We ate (irregular)
7) They drank (irregular)

a) Negative

1) I did not walk
2) You did not play          
3) He did not cook          
4) he did not listen        
5) It did not rain
6) We did not eat
7) They did not drink

c) question    

1) Did I walk?
2) Did you play?
3) Did he cook?
4) Did she listen?
5) Did it rain?
6) Did we eat?
8) Did they drink?
9) When did you arrive?
10) Who did she/he see?
11) How did it happen?
12) Why did we sell it?
13) Where did they go last week?

When using Simple Past  tense

simple past tense recognizes using OIL WAY.

O                        on                           I saw him on Friday.
I                         in                            I went there in 1988.
L                        last                         She came last week.
W                      when                      When did you visit them.
A                       ago                         I visited them 2 weeks ago.
Y                       Yesterday               I saw him yesterday.

Regular verb

Regular verbs are those whose past tense and past participles are formed by adding a -d or an -ed to the end of the verb.

a) group 1

play                 ed                      played
visit                 ed                      visited

b) group 2

live                  d                           lived
dance              d                          danced

c) group 3

hurry                ied                    hurried
marry               ied                    married

d) group 4

stop                 ped               stopped
prefer              red               preferred

Irregular verb

There is no formula to predict how an irregular verb will form its past-tense and past-participle forms

Buy                 bought
Come              came
do                    did
drink                drank
eat                   ate
find                   found
get                    got
give                  gave
have                 had
make                made
meet                 met
read                  read
say                    said
sent                  sent
speak                spoke
tell                     told
write                  wrote
see                    saw

Pronunciation of past regular verb

a) group 1

watch                watched                   watcht
dance                danced                     danct
laugh                 laughed                  laught
wash                 washed                    washt
walk                  walked                     walkt

b) group 2

play                 played                        playd
clean               cleaned                      cleand
study               studied                       studed
close               closed                        closd
show               showed                      showd

c) group 3

start                started                      startid
want               wanted                     wantid
land                landed                      landid
paint               painted                     paintid

adjective

Adjectives in English describe people, places, and things.

People                             things

Young                                    new
old                                         old
fat                                          thick
tall                                         big
short                                      little

should

should use for advice.

a) positive

1) You should take arrest.
2) She should take an aspirin
3) They should see a doctor.
4) He should stop eating sweets.
5) I should study English every day.

b) negative

1) She should not work so much.
2) I should not go to be so late.
3) You should not go to that film.
4) He should not smoke so much.

c) question

1) Should I see a dentist?
2) What should I do?
3) Should he practice English every day?

To have and have got

To have

To have is used as the main verb to indicate possession of objects characteristics relationships or other qualities.

a) positive

1) I have blue eyes.
2) You have a new car.
3) She has a dog.
4) We have a garden.
5) She has a cat.
6) You have a pen.
7) They have three children.

b) negative

1) I do not have blue eyes.
2) You do not have a new car.
3) She does not have a dog.
4) We do not have a garden.
5) She does not have a cat.
6) You do not have a pen.
7) They do not have three children.

c) question

1) Do I have blue eyes?
2) Do you have a new car?
3) Does she have a cat?
4) Does he have four dogs?
5) Does it have four doors?
6) Do you have the garden?
7) Do you have a pen?
8) Do they have three children

d) special expression

1) To have breakfast.
2) To have lunch.
3) To have suffered(eat 11 clocks at night).
4) To have dinner.
5) To have cigrate.
6) To have a cup coffee.
7) To have the drink.
8) To have the shower/make a shower.
9) To have the bath.
10) To have the party.
11) To have fun.
12) To have a good time.

Have got/has got

Have got also is used as the main verb to indicate possession of objects characteristics relationships or other qualities. In British English have got is used quite often in other areas it is common to use the main verb have.

a) positive

1) I have got some money.
2) You have got a scooter.
3) She has got long hair.
4) He has got a balcony.
5) It has got a house.
6) We have got some CDs.
7) They have got some plants.

b) negative

1) I have got not some money.
2) You have got not a scooter.
3) She has not got long hair.
4) He has not got a balcony.
5) It has not got a house.
6) We have not got some CDs.
7) They have not got some plants.

c) question

1) Have I got any money?
2) Have you got the scooter?
3) Has she got a shop?
4) Has he got a balcony?
5) Have we got a house?
6) Have you got some CDs?
7) Have they got some plants?

Giving Direction

1) Take the first left/right
2) Take bus to
3) Take train to
4) Take subway to
5) Turn left/right at
6) Go straight on
7) Go along street/road/avenue
8) It is next to
9) It is near to
10) It is opposite to
11) It is between to
12) It is on the left /right of

Giving Instruction

a) positive

1) Plug in the computer.
2) Switch it on.
3) Connect it to the internet.
4) Click on the internet icon.

b) negative

1) Do not click too many times.
2) Do not press too many times.
3) Do not press the exit button.
4) Do not overload the desktop.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF TO BE

The simple past is used to talk about a completed action in a time before now.

a) positive

1) I was cold.
2) You were tired.
3) He was in the garden.
4) She was late.
5) It was sunny.
6) We were on holiday.
7) They were hungry.

b)negative

1) I was not sleepy.         
2) You were not on the bus.
3) She was not beautiful.
4) It was not cold.
5) We were not at work.
6) They were not tired. 

c)question

1) Was I sleepy?
2) Were you late?
3) Was he at the cinema?
4) Was she kind?
5) Was it hot?
6) Were we hungry?
7) Were they at work?
8) Why was I sleepy?
9) Where were you?
10) When was he at the cinema?
11) How was she?
12) How was it?
13) Why were we hungry?
14) When were they at work?

Past tense express by OIL WAY

This acronym will help you remember the time expression we usually use with the simple past.

O-on

1) The Party was on Friday.
2) He was in the London on 2nd of march.

I-in

1) She was born in June 1976.

L-last

1) They were in America last month.

W-when

1) They were happy when I was a teenager.

A-ago

1) We were at the meeting three months ago.

Y-yesterday

1) I was at the cinema yesterday.

present continuous tense

Present Continuous tense

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment

a) positive

1) I am going.
2) You are going.
3) He, she, it is going.
4) We are going.
5) You are going.
6) They are going.

b) negative

1) I am not going.
2) You aren't going.
3) He, she, it isn't going.
4) We aren't going.
5) You aren't going.
6) They aren't going.

c) question

1) Am I going?
2) Are you going?
3) Is he, she, it going?
4) Are we going?
5) Are you going?
6) Are they going?
7) where I am working this month?
8) Which is the book he reading this week?
9) What is she doing now?
10) Who are we playing?
11) Who are you visiting?

Use of present continuous tense

a) use the present continuous to speak about what is happening at the present in time.

1) I am teaching now.
2) You are learning at the moment.
3) She is doing homework now.
4) They are playing basketball at the moment.

b) you can also use the present continuous to speak about what is happening at the moment.

1) We are studying English this month.
2) She is reading n new book this week.
3) They are working on a new project.
4) She is studying Spanish this month.
5) We are going to do yoga this week.

c) present continuous also use for future plan.

1) I am going to the dentist this afternoon.
2) Jack is meeting a client on tomorrow.
3) Aunt merry is coming tomorrow.
4) What are you doing tomorrow?
5) We are flying to new york.

Have to

verb have to use for duty and responsibility.

a) positive

1) I have to use a computer at work.
2) She has to write a report.
3) He has to answer to email.
4) We have to pay taxes.
5) They Have to go to the meeting.

b) question

1) Do you have to speak English?
2) How often do you have to travel?
3) What language does she have to learn?
4) Where do we have to go?

Helping verbs

Can

Can use to describe ability of subject

a) positive

1) I can play the piano.
2) She can speak English.
3) He can play football.

b) negative

1) They can not understand you.
2) I can not handle it.
3) She can not play cricket.

c) questions

1) Can you speak Italian?
2) Can she drive?
3) Can he cook?
4) What can you do?

Making suggestion

a) why  do not

1) Why don't we go to a show?
2) Why don't you take a rest?
3) Why don't we take a holiday?
4) Why don't you come with me?

b) how about + ing

1) How about eating in the Italian hotel.
2) How about inviting jack.
3) How about going to the cinema.

b) what about + ing

1) What about going to the seaside.
2) What about seeing a film at night.
3) What about going to the cinema tonight.

Other use of can

a) simple request

1) Can I ask you few questions?
2) Can I make a telephone call?
3) Can I hear part of music?

b) permission

1) Can I go to the party?
2) Can he come with me?
3) Can we use your car?

c) prohibition

1) You can not go out tonight.
2) She can not come to the party.
3) They can not use my computer.

Would like

Would like is a polite way to say I want in English.

a) positive

1) I would like to answer that question.
2) I would like to compete in a cooking contest.
3) I would like to explain myself.
4) I would like to invite you over.
5) I would like to practice.
6) I would like to become a doctor.
7) I would like to see you more often.
8) I would like to thank you.
9) I would like to learn about animals.
10) I would like to meet the President.

b) negative

1) She would not like to stay for the weekend.
2) I would like to do that.

c) questions

1) What would you like on your pizza?
2) Would you like to go out tonight?
3) Would they like to go to the park?
4) What time would you like to leave?
5) How many pieces of chicken would you like?

Other use of some

Generally, we use some in positive sentence and any in negative and interrogative sentence   we can also use of some and any to make offer or request

Some are often used with would like to offer something to eat and drink.

a) offer

1) Would you like some lunch?
2) Would you like some biscuits?

b) request

1) Can I have some cheese?
2) Can I have some water, please?

Simple present tense

Some and any

Some and any are used to state the quantity, amount of something.

a) countable object + plural verb(positive)

1) There are some lemons on the table.
2) There are some CDs on the desk.
3) There are some eggs on the table.

b) countable object + plural verb(Negative)

1) There are not ant cigarettes on the table.
2) There are not any biscuits.
3) There are not any magazines.

c) countable object + plural verb(Question)

1) Are there any glasses on the table?
2) Are there any books on the table?
3) Are there any pens?

d) uncountable object + singular verb(positive)

1) There is some sugar on the table.
2) There is some flour on the table.
3) There is some water on the table.

e) uncountable object + singular verb(Negative)

1) There is not any bread on the table.
2) There is not any wine on the table.
3) There is not any chocolate on the table.

f) uncountable object + singular verb(Question)

1) Is there any money on the table?
2) Is there any pasta?
3) Is there any bear?

This, that, these and those

a) this

one object close to you.
1) This is my pen.
2) This is my book.

b) that

one object distant from you.
1) That is my book.
2) That is my table.

c) these

plural objects close to you.
1) These are my pens.
2) These are my books.

d) those

plural objects far from you.
1) Those are my pens.
2) Those are my books.

Simple Present tense

 The simple present tense in English is used to describe an action that is regular.

1) I work at home.
2) You work every day.
3) He works at night.
4) She works in an office.
5) It works all week.
6) We work together.
7) You work part time.
8) They work all month.

Frequency adverb

We use some adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity.

Frequency         Adverb of Frequency               Example Sentence

100%                 always                                         I always go to bed before 11 pm.
90%                   usually                                        I usually have cereal for breakfast.
80%                   normally / generally                   I normally go to the gym.
70%                   often* / frequently                      I often surf the internet.
50%                   sometimes                                   I sometimes forget my wife's birthday.
30%                   occasionally                                I occasionally eat junk food.
5%                     hardly/ rarely                              I hardly ever drink alcohol.
0%                     never                                           I never swim in the sea.

Enough

Something is using for sufficient.
1) There is not enough water in this glass.
2) There is not enough money for travel.

Too

Something more than sufficient.
1) There is too much water in the glass.
2) There is too much money for the bucket.
3) There are too many coins.
4) The ticket is too expensive.
5) The glass is too full.

So

So also use for Something more than sufficient.
1) There is so much water in the glass.
2) There is so much money for the bucket.
3) There are so many coins.
4) The ticket is so expensive.
5) The glass is so full.

Simple Present tense (negative)

1) I do not teach on Sunday.
2) You do not know my parents.
3) Jack does not play tennis well.
4) Alice does not know have a boyfriend.
5) We do not work part time.
6) You do not know tom aunt.
7) Alice and Sharon do not live together.

Simple Present tense (question)

1) When do you arrive?
2) What do you do at work?
3) Who does he work with?
4) How much does it cost?
5) Where do you live?
6) How do they speak English?